One in Five Children Live in Poverty in US

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/12/121205091046.htm

ScienceDaily (Dec. 4, 2012) — While most children are looking forward to getting gifts during the upcoming holiday season, it is worth noting that one in five children live in poverty. Poverty is a major risk factor for children's development and deep poverty is linked to a range of physical-biological, cognitive-academic, and social-emotional problems. These problems persist into adulthood. Poverty also contributes to a growing health and academic achievement gap, declining college attendance and graduation rates, and an increasing workforce skills gap.

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Besides temporary upturns in the economy, it is a collection of public policies that has helped lower child poverty rates.
Programs that work directly to improve young children's development through high-quality early care and education show positive effects, though often only in the short term.
Programs that provide cash to families for their economic needs and children's well-being (if they fulfill such requirements as children's school attendance) are showing some positive effects.