Investigation of contaminated heparin syringes highlights medication safety issues

"Company X"? "Imported heparin". Why is the U.S. public not allowed to know what company is involved, and what country the contaminated heparin was imported from?

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-10/jaaj-ioc100809.php

Public release date: 12-Oct-2009
Contact: Lola Russell
lrussell@cdc.gov
404-639-7916
JAMA and Archives Journals
Investigation of contaminated heparin syringes highlights medication safety issues

An outbreak of bloodstream infections appears to have been caused by the contamination of pre-filled heparin and saline syringes made by a single company, according to a report in the October 12 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. The subsequent investigation revealed that the company was not in compliance with safety regulations and identified challenges and areas for improvement in medication monitoring systems.

Between October 2007 and February 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) received reports of clusters of bloodstream infections caused by the bacteria Serratia marcescens at health care facilities in several states, according to background information in the article. Based on initial information from facilities in Texas and Illinois, the investigation into the cause of the outbreak focused on syringes pre-filled with the blood thinner heparin and saline from one company (company X).

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A total of 162 S. marcescens bloodstream infections in nine states were reported among patients at facilities using syringes from the same company. Cultures of unopened pre-filled heparin and saline syringes manufactured by this company grew S. marcescens. Of 83 blood samples that contained S. marcescens submitted to the CDC from seven states, 70 (84 percent) contained bacteria genetically related to that grown from the pre-filled syringes.

"To ensure the sterility of manufactured medical products, companies must adhere to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Good Manufacturing Practices [GMPs], a comprehensive body of regulations that govern all aspects of production," the authors write. "An onsite inspection of the manufacturer by the FDA revealed poor compliance with the FDA's GMPs and quality system regulations. Within days of this inspection, company X discontinued production of all medical products." The company also issued a voluntary national recall of the pre-filled syringes.

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Editorial: FDA Must Be Given Tools to Ensure Drug Safety

"The analysis accompanying this commentary describes a serious contamination of heparin marketed in pre-filled syringes," writes William K. Hubbard, B.A., M.A., former FDA associate commissioner, in an accompanying editorial. "Subsequent FDA investigation determined that the manufacturer had failed to adhere to the agency's quality control requirements. But an even more notorious recent case of a drug manufacturing problem was that of imported heparin believed to have contributed to dozens of deaths and an unknown number of injuries."

"We simply must, as a nation, recognize that we cannot reverse this trend toward globalization, that the solution to a safe drug supply is a strong FDA, not reliance on foreign governments," Mr. Hubbard concludes. "Throughout the 20th century, the FDA was a major contributor to our overall societal 'safety net' and came through for us many times when challenged with threats to our food and drug supply. Now, when we need them more than ever, we must be there to help the FDA," through measures such as increased funding and staffing.